


The results showed that a three-criterion model based on the deep roles is superior to the traditional model. For Study 2, in order to verify a classification system for the discussant-roles, participant groups were asked to discuss itineraries for an overnight group trip during the winter holiday. In order to elucidate the team roles essential for discussion, a questionnaire survey was administered for Study 1, with the result that just ten discussant-roles were identified. Therefore, this article aims to reveal essential roles and a unified system to classify them.

These theoretical problems have resulted in overly fragmented roles as well as oversimplified categories. Conventional systems for classifying team roles refer only to the function criterion and two categories, task and social in addition, roles and behaviors are unspecialized, a one-to-one correspondence being assumed between them.
